2018 Health Sciences Research Day (MU)
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Each year, the University of Missouri provides a forum to highlight original research and educational innovations by undergraduate, medical, nursing and health professions students, as well as predoctoral and postdoctoral trainees working with faculty in the schools of medicine, nursing, and health professions. The 2018 Health Sciences Research Day [was] held on Thursday, November 15, 2018. Organized and sponsored by the MU School of Medicine Research Council, Health Sciences Research Day also partners with the MU School of Medicine, MU Sinclair School of Nursing and MU School of Health Professions.--Health Sciences Research Day website, viewed November 29, 2018 (https://medicine.missouri.edu/research/events/health-sciences-research-day).
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Item Prehospital amputation : an experimental comparison of techniques(2018) Emmerich, Bradley W.; Stilley, Julie A. W.; Sampson, Christopher S.; Horn, Bobby; Pollock, Kelly E.; Stilley, Joshua D.; Health Sciences Research Day (2018 : University of Missouri)"Prehospital limb amputation is a rare, but potentially lifesaving intervention. When adequate resuscitation is not possible due to difficult patient access, hemodynamically unstable patients may benefit from an emergent prehospital amputation. There have been a limited number of case reports detailing prehospital amputation. Furthermore, there has only been one experimental trial. Leech et al. explored prehospital-friendly methods of amputation on human cadavers; however, due to a small sample size of four trials, the data has limited reliability."--Introduction.Item Prehospital hemodynamic improvement in patients treated for suspected sepsis(2018) Emmerich, Bradley W.; Sampson, Amber M.; Waller, Jacob M.; Stilley, Julie A. W.; Sampson, Christopher S.; Health Sciences Research Day (2018 : University of Missouri)"Sepsis is a medical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality if not recognized and treated quickly. Over one-third of patients treated for sepsis in the emergency department are brought in by EMS. Studies have shown early recognition and treatment of septic patients shortens time to initiation of intravenous fluids and antibiotics. While this is encouraging, survey data shows aramedic knowledge and awareness of sepsis is widely variable. Due to this variation in knowledge, prehospital sepsis may be missed if there is not a robust prehospital sepsis protocol in place."--Introduction.Item Ear canal foreign bodies in a single institution's emergency department(2018) Mullen, Connor; Schmid, J.; Gov-Ari, Eliav; Health Sciences Research Day (2018 : University of Missouri)"Ear Canal Foreign Bodies (ECFB) are common presenting complaint to emergency departments, accounting for 0.05% of all emergency department visits, averaging 35.3 Ear Canal foreign bodies annually at the University of Missouri. ECFB are often superficial in the lateral 1/3 of external auditory canal (EAC), require non-urgent intervention, and are removed by primary care providers or emergency personnel. According to literature, when divided into "graspable" and "nongraspable" in children, success and complication rates of 64% and 14%, and 45% and 70%, respectively, have been reported. To better understand our institution's management of ECFB, we are asking -in a tertiary referral center, does foreign body removal success rate vary based on provider training level? Secondary hypothesis include whether or not the rate of initial removal success varies between younger pediatric vs. older pediatric and adult patients?"--Introduction.Item False negative home sleep apnea testing - an important concept to prevent misdiagnosis in patients with underlying sleep apnea(2018) Yelam, Anudeep; Taylor, Ross; Bollu, Pradeep C.; Health Sciences Research Day (2018 : University of Missouri)Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by repetitive reduction or cessation of airflow due to partial or complete obstruction of the airway leading to hypoxemia, arousals from sleep and fragmented sleep. It affects 5% of adult men and 2% of women in western countries and is associated with comorbidities such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and several neurobehavioral morbidities. The current gold standard for a definitive diagnosis of OSA is an overnight Polysomnography (PSG). The overnight polysomnogram performed in a sleep center will give the comprehensive report of that includes the number of apneas, hypopneas and respiratory effort related arousals (RERAs). The total number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep is called Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) while the total number of apneas, hypopneas and RERAs per hour of sleep is called 'Respiratory Disturbance Index' -RDI. Sleep Apnea is diagnosed if the RDI is 5 or more per hour of sleep. Home Sleep Apnea Testing (HSAT) has become an important tool in identifying high risk population. As the name suggests, the study is done while the patients sleep in their homes. One of the limitations of the study is the lack of Electroencephalographic (EEG) data. This prevents the inclusion of RERAs in the diagnosis of Sleep Apnea. The results of this preliminary analysis serves as the foundation to elucidate whether subtle changes in breathing patterns recorded during a sleep study are reflected in changes in cortical activity.Item Proteomic analysis and biochemical correlates of mitochondrial dysfunction following low-intensity primary blast exposure(2018) Song, Hailong; Chen, Mei; Chen, Chen; Cui, Jiankun; Johnson, Catherine; Cheng, Jianlin; Wang, Xiaowan; Swerdlow, Russell H.; DePalma, Ralph; Xia, Weiming; Gu, Zezong; Health Sciences Research Day (2018 : University of Missouri)Service members during military actions or combat training are frequently exposed to primary blasts by weaponry. Most studies have investigated moderate or severe brain injuries from blasts generating overpressures over 100-kPa, while understanding the pathophysiology of low-intensity blast (LIB)-induced mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) leading to neurological deficits remains elusive. Our recent studies, using an open-field LIB-induced mTBI mouse model with an peak overpressure at 46.6-kPa, demonstrated behavioral impairments and brain nanoscale damages, notably mitochondrial and axonal ultrastructural changes. In this study, we used tandem mass tagged (TMT) quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analysis to seek insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ultrastructural pathology. Changes in global- and phospho-proteomes were determined at 3 and 24 hours, 7 and 30 days post injury (DPI), and to investigate the biochemical and molecular correlates of mitochondrial dysfunction. Results showed striking dynamic changes in a total of 2216 global and 459 phosphorylated proteins at vary time points after blast. Disruption of key canonical pathways included evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, axonal/cytoskeletal/synaptic dysregulation, and neurodegeneration. Bioinformatic analysis identified blast induced trends in networks related to cellular growth/development/movement/assembly and cell-to-cell signaling interactions. With observations of proteomic changes, we found LIB-induced oxidative stress associated with mitochondrial dysfunction mainly at 7 and 30 DPI. These dysfunctions included impaired fission-fusion dynamics, diminished mitophagy, decreased oxidative phosphorylation, and compensated respiration-relevant enzyme activities. Insights on the early pahtogenesis of primary LIB-induced brain damage provide a template for further characterization of its chronic effects, identification of potential biomarkers and targets for intervention.