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Clinical Indicators of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Clinical indicators (e.g., sex, snoring severity, history of apnea, age, menopausal status, waist-to-hip ratio, body habitus) can predict OSA as diagnosed using overnight polysomnography or sleep study. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based...
The 2010 SHM/MGMA hospitalist survey : an update
(University of Missouri, Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, 2010-10)
Report Based on 2009 Data,"it is an update of the most recent 2008 survey....
Is MRI useful for evaluation of acute low back pain?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is rarely helpful in the evaluation of acute low back pain. Limited evidence suggests that MRI may be useful in further assessing "red flag" in the history or physical exam. MRI has a high sensitivity and specificity...
Is the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors safe?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) appears safe, resulting in no clinically relevant adverse effects (strength of recommendation: B, based on nonsystematic reviews, cohort studies, or low-quality randomized controlled trials...
What predicts a successful smoking cessation attempt?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Quit date abstinence (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on low-quality randomized controlled trial [RCT] of healthy subjects) and refraining from tobacco products within the first 2 weeks after an attempt (SOR: A, based on 2 RCTs) predict...
First- or second-generation antihistamines: which are more effective at controlling pruritus?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
, antihistamines are no better than placebo (SOR: B, small RCTs and other studies). Other categories of pruritus are best treated with non-antihistamine agents (SOR: C, based on expert opinion and disease-oriented research)....
Does using e-cigarettes cigarette smoking in adolescents?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q: Does using e-cigarettes cigarette smoking in adolescents? Evidence-based answer: Probably. Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by adolescents is associated with a 2- to 4-fold increase in cigarette smoking over the next year (strength...
Noncardiac inpatient has acute hypertension: Treat or not?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2022-09)
A retrospective study found more harm than benefit from treating elevated blood pressure in hospitalized noncardiac patients.
Postcholecystectomy diarrhea: What relieves it?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
A trial of a bile acid binder such as cholestyramine or colestipol may benefit patients with postcholecystectomy diarrhea (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, case series). Although postcholecystectomy diarrhea is uncommon ...
Does early detection of suspected atherosclerotic renovascular hypertension change outcomes
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
We found no evidence for changed outcomes from early detection of renal artery stenosis (RAS). Treatment of RAS in refractory hypertension modestly improves blood pressure control. There was a trend toward improved clinical outcomes but studies were...
Which complementary therapies can help patients with PMS?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
doses of pyridoxine can cause neuropathy (SOR: B, RCT and meta-analysis of lower-quality studies). Insufficient evidence exists to recommend magnesium. St. John's wort and evening primrose oil aren't effective for managing PMS (SOR: B, inconsistent...
Do antiarrhythmics prevent sudden death in patients with heart failure?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
Beta-blockers (class II antiarrhythmics) reduce sudden death and total mortality in patients with heart failure (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials). Amiodarone (class III) may reduce...
Elevated troponin but no CVD: what's the prognosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2013)
of known cardiovascular disease (TABLE)1-6 (strength of recommendation: B, meta-analysis, multiple prospective and retrospective observational studies.)...
Screening Mammography in Women 40 to 49 Years of Age
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
. The results of most studies suggest that screening with mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age may reduce mortality from breast cancer, but these reductions are small (i.e., fewer than 1 in 10,000 per year).[Strength of recommendation: B, based on meta...
Which oral nonopioid agents are most effective for OA pain?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q Which oral nonopioid agents are most effective for OA pain? Evidence-based answer: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), when used at the maximum clinically effective dose, reduce osteoarthritis (OA) pain in large joints more effectively...
Does tranexamic acid reduce mortality in women with postpartum hemorrhage?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q: Does tranexamic acid reduce mortality in women with postpartum hemorrhage? EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Yes. When used in conjunction with the standard of care, 1 g intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid given 1 to 3 hours after delivery is associated with a...
Management of ADHD in preschool-aged children
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2013)
RCTs.) Alternative therapies, such as elimination diets, have limited evidence of success and should generally be avoided or used in conjunction with standard therapies. (SOR: B, based on a systematic review of a small number of heterogeneous RCTs.)...
What nonpharmacological treatments are effective against common nongenital warts?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Cryotherapy has similar cure rates to topical salicylate (a pharmacologic therapy) for non-genital common warts (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on systemic review of variable quality randomized trials). Duct tape may be equivalent...
Is yearly chest x-ray screening helpful in reducing mortality for smokers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
For current and former smokers, the evidence does not support yearly chest x-rays to decrease lung cancer mortality (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on multiple randomized controlled trials). Even with the addition of sputum cytology...
Does qHPV vaccine prevent anal intraepithelial neoplasia and condylomata in men?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2015)
Q: Does qHPV vaccine prevent anal intraepithelial neoplasia and condylomata in men? Evidence-based answer: Yes. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccine reduces rates of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) by 50% to 54%, and persistent anal...