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Now showing items 61-80 of 4543
What predicts a successful smoking cessation attempt?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Quit date abstinence (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on low-quality randomized controlled trial [RCT] of healthy subjects) and refraining from tobacco products within the first 2 weeks after an attempt (SOR: ...
What behavioral interventions are safe and effective for treating obesity?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Interventions that include a combination of behavioral and lifestyle modification -- including decreased caloric intake, specific aids to changing diet, increased physical activity, and treatment of binge eating disorders ...
What are appropriate screening tests for infants and children?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
There is adequate evidence for screening neonates for hemoglobinopathies, congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A), and cystic fibrosis (SOR: B). Vision screening should be done for ...
What is the most effective management of acute fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
For acute Jones' fractures in recreationally active patients, early intramedullary screw fixation results in lower failure rates and shorter times to both clinical union and return to sports than non-weightbearing short ...
What precautions should we use with statins for women of childbearing age?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Statins are contraindicated for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Data evaluating statin use for women of childbearing age is limited; however, they may be used cautiously with adequate contraception. Pravastatin ...
What is the most beneficial diet for patients with diverticulosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
A diet high in fiber (particularly fruit and vegetable fiber) and low in fat and red meat may help to decrease the risk of symptomatic diverticular disease (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, case-control studies and a ...
What is the risk of adverse outcomes in a woman who develops mild hypertension from OCs?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Women who take oral contraceptives (OCs) have an increased risk of developing new hypertension, which returns to baseline within 1 to 3 months of OC cessation (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on cohort studies). ...
What is the best way to treat tinea cruris?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
After clinical diagnosis and microscopic confirmation, tinea cruris is best treated with a topical allylamine or an azole antifungal (strength of recommendation: A, based on multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). ...
When should COX-2 selective NSAIDs be used for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are as effective as acetaminophen and nonselective NSAIDs in treating of osteoarthritis, and are equally effective in reducing pain and ...
When are empiric antibiotics appropriate for urinary tract infection symptoms?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Healthy, nonpregnant women presenting with the triad of frequency, dysuria, and no vaginal symptoms have about a 96% chance of having an urinary tract infection (UTI) (positive likelihood ratio [LR+]=24.6). Since no ...
What is the best way to manage GERD symptoms in the elderly?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
No evidence supports one method over another in managing uncomplicated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) for patients aged >65 years. For those with endoscopically documented esophagitis, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ...
What is the best treatment for infants with colic?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Infantile colic, defined as excessive crying in an otherwise healthy baby, is a distressing phenomenon, but there is little evidence to support the many treatments offered. Several small studies report some benefit from ...
What is the best test to detect herpes in skin lesions?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques appear to be more sensitive and specific in detecting herpes simplex virus (HSV) in genital lesions (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on 2 diagnostic cohort studies); ...
What is the best way to diagnose a suspected rotator cuff tear?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
The evaluation of a suspected rotator cuff tear should start with a history and a clinical exam of the shoulder (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a systematic review of cohort studies). Three clinical test ...
What is the best treatment for mild to moderate acne?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
For mild comedonal acne, monotherapy with topical retinoids is the treatment of choice (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). For moderate comedonal and mild to moderate papulopustular acne, combination therapy with either ...
When are antibiotics indicated for acute COPD exacerbations?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Antibiotics (including those given orally) reduce mortality and treatment failures for hospitalized patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, ...
What's the best strategy for bipolar disorder during pregnancy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Lithium is the first-line treatment for pregnant patients requiring medication (SOR: C, based on expert opinion). Monotherapy is preferred for women of childbearing age who have bipolar disorder (strength of recommendation ...
Which tool is most useful in diagnosing bipolar disorder in children?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
No single, well-validated screening instrument for clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children exists. That said, the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS), a semi-structured interview, ...
Effects of Timber Harvest on Amphibian Populations: Understanding Mechanisms from Forest Experiments
(American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2009)
Harvesting timber is a common form of land use that has the potential to cause declines in amphibian populations. It is essential to understand the behavior and fate of individuals and the resulting consequences for vital ...
What is the best approach to a solitary pulmonary nodule identified by chest x-ray?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Your initial risk assessment should include the patient's smoking history, advancing age, cancer history, and chest radiography features (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on a validated clinical decision rule). ...