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The mechanism for paraquat toxicity involves oxidative stress and inflammation : a model for Parkinson's disease
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2007)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder known to affect the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of developing PD with exposure to paraquat. ...
Roles of sex and insulin on microvascular exchange function
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2007)
A characteristic of endothelial dysfunction, which is observed in the beginning stages of type 2 diabetes, is the alteration of the microvascular barrier, affecting the microvascular permeability. We measured the venular ...
Antecedent hydrogen sulfide elicits an anti-inflammatory phenotype in postischemic murine small intestine
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2007)
Ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) is now well-recognized as one form of acute inflammation in which leukocytes play a key role. Preconditioning is a phenomenon through which antecedent exposure to a particular stimulus ...
Maladaptation of cardiac and skeletal muscle in chronic disease : effects of exercise
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2007)
The human genome is adapted for daily physical activity (85). Thus, a sedentary lifestyle is capable of promoting detrimental consequences to human health. The linkage between lack of sufficient physical activity and the ...
Phenotypically different cells in the nucleus of the solitary tract : expression of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors and activation by baroreflexes
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
Modulation and integration of visceral and central afferent information occurs in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). The NTS is a heterogeneous nuclear region that contains afferent terminals, interneurons, and ...
Expression of adiponectin receptors by vascular smooth muscle cells
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009)
Adiponectin (APN) is a 30-kDA insulin-sensitizing protein with strong effects on the vasculature. It binds three receptors: AdipoR1, AdipoR2, and T-cadherin. APN and AdipoRs are well-studied in the vascular endothelium, ...
Metabolic and functional consequences of adenylate kinase deficiency in skeletal muscle
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2005)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The primary function of skeletal muscle is to generate tension, and this ultimately occurs through ATP utilization. An increase in ADP and a depression ...
The effects of physical activity on adipose tissue metabolism and DNA methylation
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009)
The increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes threatens both the real and economic health of Western counties. There were two major goals of this dissertation, 1) to determine if in response to inactivity and hyperphagia ...
CFTR gating mechanism : the role of dimerization of nucleotide binding domains
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009)
The chloride channel, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) has two membrane spanning domains (MSD), forming the channel pore, and two nucleotide binding domains (NBD), controlling the channel gating ...
Alcohol induced histone acetylation mediated by histone acetyl transferase GCN5 in liver
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
Although several mechanisms have identified for alcoholic liver disease, at present there are no precise mechanisms for liver injury. We have observed that surrogate alcohols increases histone H3 acetylation selectively ...
Peroxynitrite, pumps and perivascular adipose tissue : studies across the physiological spectrum
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is a reactive nitrogen species produced when nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2-) react. In vivo studies suggest that reactive oxygen species and perhaps peroxynitrite can influence Na,K-ATPase (Na ...
Effects of ischemic metabolites and chronic exercise on cardiac myocyte function
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2005)
During times of low blood flow (ischemia), concentrations of wastes increase in tissues, which can lead to decreased striated muscle contractile function. Acute cardiac contractile dysfunction during ischemia is likely ...
Physical inactivity induced dysregulation of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2005)
There has been a precipitous decline in the daily physical activity in humans that has been accompanied by an epidemic rise in the incidence of obesity and type II diabetes. This rapid decline in physical activity in humans ...
The contribution of titin to striated muscle shortening
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
Striated muscle shortens under various loads (i.e., performs work), which allows movement of the skeleton and pumping of blood throughout the circulatory system. The amount of work that a muscle can do is determined by the ...
Molecular control of endothelial lumen formation by Rho GTPases in three dimensional collagen matrices
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Rho GTPases regulate a diverse spectrum of cellular functions involved in vascular morphogenesis. Here, we show that Cdc42 and Rac1 play a key role ...
Lipotoxicity in smooth muscle
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2006)
Atherosclerosis and bladder dysfunction can both result from the high lipid levels that occur with obesity and diabetes and can cause cell dysfunction and death, termed lipotoxicity, in various cell types. However, ...
Metabolic and autonomic nervous system effects of bariatric surgery
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Despite avid attempts, non-surgical methods such as diet aids, behavioral modification and exercise are typically unsuccessful in achieving long term ...
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of radiolabeled bombesin conjugates for the diagnosis of breast cancer
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptors are overexpressed on approximately two thirds (62-71%) of primary breast carcinomas and all (100%) of the ...
Hypochlorous acid stimulates heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in human endothelial cells
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) regulates the expression of the cytoprotective protein heme oxygenase-1 ...
Mechanisms of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-induced preconditioning in ischemia/reperfusion
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2007)
We have previously demonstrated that consuming ethanol (ethanol preconditioning or EPC) at low levels 24 hrs prior to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) prevents postischemic leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesive interactions (LEI) ...