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Reducing ACL Injuries in Female Athletes
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Neuromuscular training programs that include plyometric and strengthening exercises significantly reduce noncontact ACL injuries in female soccer and handball players older than 14 years. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on a meta...
Ureteral calculi: What should you consider before intervening?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
The size of the calculi, their location, and complicating factors such as infection should all be considered. Most ureteral calculi smaller than 5 mm pass spontaneously, as do approximately half of calculi between 5 and ...
What are the benefits of treating sleep apnea?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2001)
decreases in blood pressure. (Grade of recommendation: B-, based primarily on cohort studies and case series and a small number of randomized controlled trials [RCTs])...
What should you tell pregnant women about exposure to parvovirus?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Tell patients that parvovirus infections before 20 weeks' gestation confer a risk of fetal morbidity and mortality as high as 16%, but don't significantly increase long-term developmental sequelae (strength of recommendation ...
Thiazolidinedione Therapy for Managing Metabolic Syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is no patient-oriented evidence supporting the use of TZD therapy in patients in the general population who have metabolic syndrome. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) use decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with metabolic...
How best to diagnose asthma in infants and toddlers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
No reliable way exists to diagnose asthma in infants and toddlers. Recurrent wheezing, especially apart from colds, combined with physician diagnosed eczema or atopic dermatitis, eosinophilia, and a parental history of ...
PSA testing: When it's useful, when it's not
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
testing appears to provide even a small benefit. Stength of recommendation: B: Based on a meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with methodological limitations, and a post hoc analysis of a large RCT....
Sunscreen Use for Skin Cancer Prevention
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
Daily sunscreen use reduces the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma but not the incidence of basal cell carcinoma. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a single randomized controlled trial with less than 13 years of follow...
Do ACE inhibitors decrease mortality in patients with hypertension?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
When used to treat patients with hypertension, ACE inhibitors reduce cardiovascular and all-cause mortality as effectively as diuretics, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on meta...
Does evidence support the use of supplements to aid in BP control?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2020)
Q: Does evidence support the use of supplements to aid in BP control? Evidence-based answer: Yes. A number of well-tolerated natural therapies have been shown to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP). (See TABLE1-8 for summary.) However...
Best Alternatives to Statins for Treating Hyperlipidemia
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
but not total mortality. (SOR: A, based on review of RCTs). The effects of ezetimibe (Zetia) on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality are unknown. (SOR: C, based on a single RCT with disease-oriented evidence). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation does not clearly...
Are nasal steroid sprays effective for otitis media with effusion?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
in the short term, alone or in combination with antibiotics (SOR: A, based on randomized controlled trials). However, within 3 to 12 weeks, resolution of OME with nasal steroids is no better than placebo. No evidence exists that treatment with nasal steroids...
What's the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2018)
Q: What's the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori? Evidence-based answer: treating patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who have failed clarithromycin-based triple therapy with either...
Vaginitis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of vaginitis.
Pyelonephritis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of pyelonephritis.
Is intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection an effective treatment for knee OA?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q: Is intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection an effective treatment for knee OA? EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: PROBABLY NOT, based on the balance of evidence. While low-quality evidence may suggest potential benefit, the balance of evidence...
Risk of Regulation or Regulation of Risk? A De Minimus Framework for Genetically Modified Crops
(AgBioForum, 2011)
has the potential to create end products with deleterious (and thus regulatory actionable) characteristics. However, such risk is ultimately embodied in the end product and not the methodology, per se. Our proposal emphasizes a trait-based, end product...
Combination Therapy for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is insufficient evidence to recommend combination therapy for the routine management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on expert opinion). Combination therapy with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and a...
Can unintended pregnancies be reduced by dispensing a year's worth of hormonal contraception?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q. Can unintended pregnancies be reduced by dispensing a year's worth of hormonal contraception? Evidence-based answer: probably, although studies that looked directly at this outcome are limited. A systematic review showed that women who received a...
Can probiotics safely prevent recurrent vaginitis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Using vaginal suppositories or eating yogurt with Lactobacillus may reduce recurrences of bacterial vaginosis (BV) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, randomized controlled trials [RCTs] with conflicting results). Neither ...