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In patients with a previous CVA, do antioxidants protect against subsequent stroke?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Most recent randomized controlled clinical trials have not found a benefit in antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and/or beta-carotene) for preventing cardiovascular disease, including stroke. These recent clinical studies ...
Does postcoital voiding prevent urinary tract infections in young women?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Healthy women who urinate within 15 minutes of sexual intercourse may be slightly less likely to develop a urinary tract infection (UTI) than women who do not urinate afterward (grade of recommendation: D, extrapolation ...
Does a low-salt diet reduce morbidity and mortality in congestive heart failure?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have addressed the independent role of sodium restriction in the morbidity or mortality of congestive heart failure. However, current guidelines recommend sodium restriction for ...
Do antioxidants (vitamins C, E) improve outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Antioxidant supplements of vitamins E and C do not reduce cardiovascular death in people with coronary artery disease. Vitamin E supplementation, in a variety of doses, does not decrease the incidence of cardiovascular or ...
Treat depressed teens with medication and psychotherapy
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Refer adolescents with moderate to severe depression for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to improve their outcomes. Stength of recommendation: B: Two well-done randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
How effective is gastric bypass for weight loss?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
Gastric bypass results in weight loss of approximately 33% at 2 years and 25% at 8 years (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a cohort study). Gastric bypass is one type of bariatric surgery, which also includes ...
What are the best prophylactic drugs for migraine?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Beta-blockers without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, amitriptyline, divalproex sodium/sodium valproate, and topiramate are the most effective drugs for preventing episodic migraine (strength of recommendation: A, ...
What is the role of combination therapy (insulin plus oral medication) in type 2 diabetes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Combination therapy using insulin plus metformin (Glucophage), a sulfonylurea, or both produces glycemic control comparable with using insulin alone, but there is less weight gain when metformin is used (strength of ...
What lifestyle changes should we recommend for the patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Hypertensive patients should reduce sodium intake (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (DASH diet)--with salt restriction and increased fruit, vegetable, calcium, and ...
Which patients with metabolic syndrome benefit from metformin?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2016)
Q Which patients with metabolic syndrome benefit from metformin? Evidence-based answer: Patients at highest risk for progression to diabetes benefit from metformin. In patients with metabolic syndrome who are in the ...
What is the best treatment for mild to moderate acne?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
For mild comedonal acne, monotherapy with topical retinoids is the treatment of choice (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). For moderate comedonal and mild to moderate papulopustular acne, combination therapy with either ...
What are the best therapies for acute migraine in pregnancy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
therapy) were effective for pain relief (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, poor-quality cohort and case-control studies). Practice guidelines and most review articles recommend acetaminophen as the first-line therapy (SOR: C, expert opinion). Treatment...
Does case management improve diabetes outcomes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Patients with type 2 diabetes benefit from case management, as evidenced by decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The improvement in HbA1c appeared larger when case managers could make changes in medications independently ...
What is the best medical therapy for new-onset type 2 diabetes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Sulfonylureas, metformin, thiazolidinediones, and non-sulfonylurea secretagogues differ little in their ability to decrease glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels when used as initial monotherapy for diabetes mellitus type ...
What is the risk of adverse outcomes in a woman who develops mild hypertension from OCs?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Women who take oral contraceptives (OCs) have an increased risk of developing new hypertension, which returns to baseline within 1 to 3 months of OC cessation (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on cohort studies). ...
Does acyclovir help herpes simplex virus cold sores if treatment is delayed?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
When herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 lesions are in the papule or vesicle stage, there is no benefit to starting oral acyclovir (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on expert opinion). However, topical acyclovir ...
What is the best initial treatment of Parkinson's disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
No studies clearly demonstrate the best initial treatment for Parkinson's disease. Levodopa improves motor function in Parkinson's disease; however, long-term use is associated with irreversible dyskinesias and motor ...
Do steroid injections help with osteoarthritis of the knee?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
Intra-articular steroid injections appear to provide 2 to 6 weeks of pain relief for patients with knee osteoarthritis (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). Higher-dose steroids with or without joint lavage can provide ...
What's best when a patient doesn't respond to the maximum dose of an antidepressant?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
Consider possible causes of the inadequate response, then weigh treatment options in light of the characteristics of the individual patient and therapy. When managing a patient with nonpsychotic depression and inadequate ...
How should you document a patient's refusal to undergo a necessary intervention?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Your documentation of a patient's refusal to undergo a test or intervention should include: an assessment of the patient's competence to make decisions, a statement indicating a lack of coercion; a description of your ...