What are effective treatments for oppositional defiant behaviors in adolescents?

Abstract

Psychological interventions for the family— such as parenting skills training and behavioral therapy for the child, the parents, or the whole family—reduce conflict behaviors in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on extrapolation from systematic reviews of younger children with ODD and adolescents with conduct disorder). ODD most commonly does not occur as a solitary diagnosis.When ODD is associated with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or other medication-responsive comorbid conditions, medical treatment reduces overall symptoms (SOR: B, based on a meta-analysis of adolescent and younger children with both ODD and ADHD).