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Association between urinary iodine concentrations and insulin resistance in US adults
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2019)
Background: Iodine intake within the US population has declined in recent years. Mild iodine deficiency increases the risk of inadequate thyroid hormone production and there is growing evidence that sub-clinical hypothyroidism ...
Sleep, exercise, and insulin sensitivity
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
Accumulating evidence supports short sleep duration as a novel risk factor for obesity and diabetes, but little work has been done outside of healthy men or with consideration to changes in physical activity. Thirteen ...
Estrogen signaling and UCP1 : exploring mechanisms to improve metabolic health
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2018)
Metabolic disease risk rapidly escalates following menopause. The mechanism is not fully known, but likely involves reduced signaling through Estrogen Receptor a (ERa) which is highly expressed in brown (BAT) and white AT ...
The consequences of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on offspring metabolic phenotype and adipose tissue physiology
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2016)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is a significant global public health concern, with particular groups, such as pregnant women, at greater risk of deficiency. ...
Effects of soy protein isolate and milk protein isolate on metabolic health and bone outcomes in sedentary, adolescent male OLETF rats
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2016)
Background: Obesity is a growing epidemic and it is associated with a variety of chronic diseases. Recently, it has been recognized that excess adiposity and associated metabolic dysregulation during skeletal growth may ...
Type 2 diabetic bone fragility : the effects of a high-fat, -cholesterol, and -sucrose diet, exercise, and caloric restriction /
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2016)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to increases, new comorbidities associated with the condition as discovered. A recently recognized ...
Hepatocellular endothelial nitric oxide synthase and mitochondrial function in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis /
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2016)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most rapidly growing liver disease in the United States. The development of treatments for this disease has ...
Associations between client choice in food pantries and client food security status
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
This study determined the relationship between client choice and client food security status, and how the relationship was affected by household type. Data was obtained from the Voices for Food Project. Among the various ...
The brown adipose tissue phenoype : metabolic implications
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2018)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The prevailing dogma is that thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to improvements in glucose homeostasis in obesogenic animal models; ...
The impact of exercise on postural control in patients with Parkinson's disease measured by computerized dynamic posturography
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2021)
Postural instability (PI) is one of the most debilitating symptoms of Parkinson's Disease (PD) that onsets in early stages of disease. The pathophysiology of PI occurs because of complex sensorimotor dysfunction that is ...
Role of the carotid body chemoreceptors in blood flow and blood pressure regulation in type 2 diabetes
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2019)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI--COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease. The carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors have ...
Lifestyle treatment in the regression of NASH: insulin resistance, lipid synthesis, and methodological innovation
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2022)
This dissertation is focused on factors that increase risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) and the more advanced form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). These factors include postprandial lipid handling ...
Investigating physical activity dispersion throughout recess to maximize activity on the playground: a baseline study
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2022)
Introduction: Obesity is an ongoing epidemic due to a surplus of caloric intake and a lack of physical activity (PA). Longitudinal data suggests that physical inactivity translates from childhood into adulthood. Therefore, ...
Contribution of de novo lipogenesis to the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
This dissertation is focused on understanding the biochemical pathway of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in humans and how changes in DNL can alter disease states, particularly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This ...
Influence of supervised activity zones during recess on sedentary activity, social skill development, and problem behavior in elementary-aged children
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI--COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Due to the childhood obesity epidemic, many school-based interventions have been developed to target physical inactivity before it develops ...
Effects of exercise and phytoestrogens on white adipose tissue health in estrogen deficient rodents
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2018)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Obesity is more prevalent in menopausal women and has been linked to systemic metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance (IR), and white adipose tissue ...
Hormonal regulation of bone health: novel understandings of xenoestrogens and estrogen receptor-[alpha]
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
Estrogen is one of the most influential hormones on bone growth and maintenance throughout the life cycle in both men and women, but there are still unknown roles of estrogen and the estrogen receptors in males. In addition, ...
The role of hepatocellular eNOS in NAFLD development and hepatic mitochondrial adaptations to exercise
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
Whole body loss of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) worsens hepatic mitochondrial function and exacerbates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) development and progression. However, the ...
Changes in nucleus accumbens gene expression accompany sex specific suppression of voluntary physical activity in aromatase knockout mice
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2019)
Aromatase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of testosterone to estrogen and is highly conserved across species. Post-menopause, the aromatase enzyme (locally expressed in adipose tissue, bone, breast tissue, ...
The role of TRAF3IP2 in obesity-associated vascular insulin resistance and dysfunction
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2020)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Insulin resistance in the vasculature is a characteristic feature of obesity and contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction and ...